The typhoid vaccine offers incomplete protection against the transmission of the S. typhi bacteria which causes typhoid fever.It is given prior to travel to areas where typhoid fever is present. The S. typhi bacteria is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Since the vaccine is not 100% effective in preventing typhoid fever, taking the vaccine does not eliminate the need to observe food and water precautions when traveling.

Are there different forms of the vaccine?

There are three typhoid vaccines available:

1. Ty21a is an oral form of the vaccine which is in capsule form. One capsule is taken every other day for one week. The four capsule series should be completed at least one week prior to international travel. Protection lasts for about five years. This form should not be given to children under age six.
2. ViCPS is an injectable form of the vaccine. It is given at least one week prior to international travel. Protection lasts for about two years. This injection should not be given to children under age two.
3. Inactivated Typhoid Vaccine is given in a series of two shots, one month apart. The series should be completed at least one week prior to international travel. Protection lasts for about three years. This form should not be given to infants under six months of age.

How should I decide which form of the vaccine to take?

Your local health care provider or travel clinic will help you choose a vaccine based on the length of time until your departure and other vaccines or prescriptions you will receive.